Citations

1. Jay Rosen, “The People Formerly Known as the Audience,” PressThink, 27 June 2006, http://archive.pressthink.org/2006/06/27/ppl_frmr.html.

2. Tim Brown, Change by Design: How Design Thinking Transforms Organizations and Inspires Innovation (New York: HarperCollins, 2009), 6.

3. Ibid.

4. Herbert A. Simon, The Sciences of the Artificial, Third Edition (Cambridge,MA: MIT Press, 1996).

5. Herbert A. Simon, The Sciences of the Artificial, Third Edition (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1996), 4–5.

6. Herbert A. Simon, The Sciences of the Artificial, Third Edition (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1996), 111.

7. Stephen Watt, “Questions for: Nigel Cross,” Rotman Magazine, Winter 2009.

8. Nigel Cross, Design Thinking (London: Bloomsbury, 2011), 27–28.

9. Mats Bergman and Sami Paavola eds., “Abduction,” The Commens Dictio-nary, http://www.commens.org/dictionary/term/abduction.

10. Ibid.

11. Cross, Design Thinking.

12. Lionel March, ed., “The Logic of Design and the Question of Value,” in The Architecture of Form (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1976).

13. Cross, Design Thinking.

14. Horst W. J. Rittel and Melvin M. Webber, “Dilemmas in a General Theoryof Planning,” Policy Sciences, no. 2 (1973): 155.

15. Peter G. Rowe, Design Thinking (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1987), 40.

16. A.H. Maslow, “A Theory of Human Motivation,” Psychological Review (1943): 370–396, http://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Maslow/motivation.htm.

17. Jake Knapp, “How to Conduct Your Own Google Ventures Design Sprint,”Fast Company, 24 June 2013, http://www.fastcodesign.com/1672887/how-to-conduct-your-own-google-design-sprint.

18. Gundolf S. Freyermuth, “Don’t Follow These Rules! A Primer for Playtest-ing,” in Games | Game Design | Game Studies: An Introduction, ed. Gundolf S.Freyermuth (Bielefeld, Germany: Transcript-Verlag, 2016), 177–183.

19. Kent Beck et al., “The Agile Manifesto for Software Development,” February 2001, http://www.agilemanifesto.com.

20. “Kicking Down Silos: Co-Designing Great Software and Hardware,” Kimona, 2 June 2014, http://www.slideshare.net/Kinoma/kicking-down-silos-codesigning-software-hardware-to-create-great-products.

21. Ekta Srivastava, “Effective Techniques for Rapid Prototyping,” UsabilityGeek, 27 October 2014, http://usabilitygeek.com/effective-techniques-rapid-prototyping/.

22. “Engineering Design Process,” TeachEngineering, https://www.teachengineering.org/K12Engineering/DesignProcess.

23. Tannistho Ghosh, “A Primer on UX Design,” Manipal Digital, 22 October 2014, http://www.slideshare.net/tannistho/a-primer-on-ux-design.

24. “User Experience,” Pinterest, https://uk.pinterest.com/explore/user-experience/.

25. “Game Design Process: Iterate,” Backyard Game Design, 31 March 2015, http://www.backyardgamedesign.com/blog/2015/3/31/game-design-process-iterate.

26. Tom Söderlund, “Selecting the Best UX Prototyping Tool,” Medium, 28 January 2015, https://medium.com/ux-prototyping/selecting-the-best-ux-prototyping-tool-e2048cc96a2c#.ovkipfayk.

27. Daniel Stillman, “Design Process Kills Creativity/Design Process CreatesCreativity,” Core77, 27 November 2012, http://www.core77.com/posts/23480/Design-Process-Kills-Creativity-Design-Process-Creates-Creativity.

28. Jake Knapp, Google Ventures, http://www.gv.com/team/jake-knapp/.

29. Rob Roggema, ed., The Design Charrette: Ways to Envision SustainableFutures (New York: Springer, 2013), 15.

30. “Design Sprint,” Google, https://developers.google.com/design-sprint/.

31. Shazna Nessa, Online News Association Conference, 24 September 2015, http://journalists.org/event/ona15-the-online-news-association-conference/.

32. Ibid.

33. Emily Goligoski, “New York Times Finds Breaking News Readers WantBetter Digital Experiences,” International News Media Association, 19 July2015, http://www.inma.org/blogs/value-content/post.cfm/new-york-times-finds-breaking-news-readers-want-better-digital-experiences#ixzz41x1kpaiv.

34. Peter Burrows, “Back to the Future at Apple,” Businessweek, 24 May 1998, http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/1998-05-24/back-to-the-future-at-apple.

35. Ira Basen, “Breaking Down the Wall,” University of Wisconsin, Center forJournalism Ethics, 19 December 2012, http://ethics.journalism.wisc.edu/2012/12/19/breaking-down-the-wall/.

36. Richard Prince, “DMN Sports Editors: ‘This is Nothing New for the News-paper’,” Poynter Institute, 4 December 2009, http://www.poynter.org/2009/dmn-sports-editor-this-is-nothing-new-for-the-newspaper/99718/.

37. Dev Patnaik, Needfinding: Design Research and Planning (Charleston, SC: Printed by CreateSpace, 2013), 6.

38. Dev Patnaik, Needfinding: Design Research and Planning (Charleston, SC: Printed by CreateSpace, 2013), 17.

39. Warren Berger, “The Secret Phrase Top Innovators Use,” Harvard Business Review, 17 September 2012, https://hbr.org/2012/09/the-secret-phrase-top-innovato/.

40. Andrew Donohue, “How to Redesign the Beat for Engagement, Impact,and Accountability,” Nieman Journalism Lab, 22 January 2013, http://www.niemanlab.org/2013/01/andrew-donohue-how-to-redesign-the-beat-for-engagement-impact-and-accountability/.

41. Ibid.

42. Ibid.

43. d.school teaching team, “d.school Bootcamp Bootleg,” Hasso Plattner Institute of Design, 2009, http://dschool.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/bootcampbootleg20091.pdf.